All news in category “Security Advisory and Patch Watch”

🔒 CISA warns that threat actors are actively exploiting a high-severity Windows SMB vulnerability tracked as CVE-2025-33073, which can allow elevation to SYSTEM on unpatched machines. Microsoft patched the flaw in its June 2025 Patch Tuesday release, citing an improper access control weakness that can be abused over a network. The bug affects Windows Server, Windows 10 and Windows 11 up to 24H2. Federal agencies must remediate within three weeks under BOD 22-01, and all organizations are urged to apply the update immediately.

🔒 Microsoft warns the October 2025 Windows security updates are causing smart card authentication and certificate failures by switching RSA-based smart card certificates to use KSP instead of CSP. Affected systems may report errors such as "invalid provider type specified" or "CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey error" and Event ID 624 in the Smart Card Service log. Microsoft provides a manual workaround: set the DisableCapiOverrideForRSA registry value to 0, back up the registry first, then restart. This impacts Windows 10, Windows 11 and Windows Server releases; the company says the key will be removed in April 2026 and urges customers to work with application vendors to resolve compatibility.

🚨 CISA added five vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog based on evidence of active exploitation: CVE-2022-48503 (Apple), CVE-2025-2746 and CVE-2025-2747 (Kentico Xperience Staging Sync Server), CVE-2025-33073 (Microsoft Windows SMB Client), and CVE-2025-61884 (Oracle E-Business Suite SSRF). These flaws include authentication bypasses, improper access control, and SSRF, which are frequent attack vectors and pose significant risks. Under BOD 22-01, Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies must remediate identified KEV items by the required due dates; CISA strongly urges all organizations to prioritize timely remediation as part of their vulnerability management practice.

🔒 Enterprises' network edge devices — firewalls, VPNs, routers, and email gateways — are increasingly being exploited due to longstanding 1990s‑era flaws such as buffer overflows, command and SQL injections. Researchers tracked dozens of zero‑day exploits in 2024 and continuing into 2025 that affected vendors including Fortinet, Palo Alto Networks, Cisco, Ivanti, and others. These appliances are attractive targets because they are remotely accessible, often lack endpoint protections and centralized logging, and hold privileged credentials, making them common initial access vectors for state‑affiliated actors and ransomware groups.

🔒 ConnectWise released a security update for Automate to fix two vulnerabilities including a critical 9.6-severity flaw (CVE-2025-11492) that can cause agents to use cleartext HTTP, enabling adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) interception or modification of commands, credentials, and update payloads. A second 8.8-severity issue (CVE-2025-11493) omits integrity verification for update packages, allowing substituted malicious files. Cloud instances are patched to release 2025.9; on-premise administrators are urged to install the update within days.

🔒 Microsoft patched a critical HTTP request smuggling vulnerability (CVE-2025-55315) in the Kestrel ASP.NET Core web server, which Microsoft described as the highest-severity ASP.NET Core flaw ever. An authenticated attacker could smuggle an additional HTTP request to hijack other users' credentials, bypass front-end security controls, or impact integrity and availability. Microsoft released updates for Visual Studio 2022, ASP.NET Core 2.3, 8.0 and 9.0 and advised developers to apply updates, recompile where required, and restart or redeploy affected applications.

🔧 Microsoft has fixed a known issue that broke HTTP/2 connections to localhost (127.0.0.1) and caused IIS sites to fail after recent Windows security updates. Affected systems included Windows 11 and Windows Server 2025, producing errors like “ERR_CONNECTION_RESET” and “ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR”. Microsoft recommends checking Windows Update and restarting; it also enabled a Known Issue Rollback (KIR) for most home and non-managed devices, while enterprise admins can deploy a KIR group policy until a permanent update ships.

⚠️Microsoft patched a critical ASP.NET Core vulnerability in the built‑in Kestrel web server and assigned it a CVSS score of 9.9, the highest rating the vendor has ever issued. Tracked as CVE-2025-55315, the flaw enables authenticated attackers to use HTTP request smuggling to bypass security checks and could allow actions such as logging in as another user, bypassing CSRF protections, or performing injection attacks. Microsoft advises updating affected runtimes or rebuilding and redeploying self‑contained apps, while noting that reverse proxies or gateways may already mitigate exposure.

🔒 Researchers disclosed a recently patched critical vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware (CVE-2025-9242, CVSS 9.3) that can allow unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code via an out-of-bounds write in the iked process. The flaw affects multiple Fireware branches, including 11.10.2 through 11.12.4_Update1 (EOL noted for 11.x), 12.0 through 12.11.3 and 2025.1, and has been fixed across several updates such as 2025.1.1 and 12.11.4. Administrators are urged to apply the vendor updates immediately, limit internet exposure of VPN interfaces, and follow vendor mitigation guidance until patches are deployed.

⚠️ Microsoft’s October Windows 11 updates (notably KB5066835 and the September preview KB5065789) have disrupted HTTP/2 connections to localhost (127.0.0.1), preventing local services and developer tools from completing requests. Users report errors such as "ERR_CONNECTION_RESET" and "ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR" when applications attempt to connect to the loopback interface. Affected software includes Visual Studio debugging, SSMS Entra ID authentication, and Duo Desktop; community workarounds include disabling HTTP/2 via Registry entries or uninstalling the problematic updates.

⚠️Threat actors exploited a recently patched SNMP remote code execution flaw (CVE-2025-20352) in older Cisco IOS and IOS XE devices to deploy a persistent Linux rootkit. Trend Micro reports the campaign targeted unprotected 9400, 9300 and legacy 3750G switches and has been tracked as Operation Zero Disco, named for the universal password that contains 'disco'. The implant can disable logging, bypass AAA and VTY ACLs, hide running-configuration items and enable lateral movement; researchers recommend low-level firmware and ROM-region checks when compromise is suspected.

🔒 Gladinet released an urgent update for its CentreStack business solution to fix a local file inclusion flaw tracked as CVE-2025-11371, which was abused in the wild as a zero-day. The LFI allowed attackers to read Web.config, extract the ASP.NET machine key, and then leverage a prior deserialization RCE (CVE-2025-30406) to achieve remote code execution. Administrators should upgrade to CentreStack version 16.10.10408.56683 immediately; if patching is not possible, disable the temp handler in Web.config for the UploadDownloadProxy component as a temporary mitigation.

🔒 Trend Micro detailed a campaign exploiting CVE-2025-20352 that installed Linux rootkits on exposed Cisco switches and routers, enabling persistent unauthorized access. The attackers combined an SNMP remote code execution with a modified Telnet flaw (based on CVE-2017-3881) to read and write device memory and deploy fileless backdoors. Affected models include Cisco 9400, 9300 and legacy 3750G series. Device owners should apply Cisco patches, disable or harden SNMP and restrict management access.

🚨 CISA has added a maximum-severity vulnerability in Adobe Experience Manager (AEM) Forms to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog after confirming active exploitation. Tracked as CVE-2025-54253, the flaw is an authentication bypass via Struts DevMode that can result in unauthenticated remote code execution on AEM JEE 6.5.23 and earlier. Adobe released fixes on August 9 after public proof-of-concept code appeared; CISA requires federal agencies to remediate by November 5 and urges all organizations to prioritize patching, apply vendor mitigations, or restrict Internet access to affected AEM Forms deployments.

🛡️ This advisory details an SQL injection vulnerability in Siemens SINEC NMS (versions prior to V4.0 SP1) affecting the getTotalAndFilterCounts endpoint. Assigned CVE-2025-40755 with high severity (CVSS v3.1 8.8 / CVSS v4 8.7), an authenticated low-privilege attacker could inject SQL to insert data and escalate privileges. Siemens advises updating to V4.0 SP1 or later and applying network protections such as segmentation and firewalls; CISA reports no known public exploitation.

⚠️ A remotely exploitable uncaught exception in Rockwell Automation's ArmorStart AOP for Studio 5000 Logix Designer can trigger a denial-of-service on versions V2.05.07 and earlier. The issue arises from invalid inputs to COM methods and is tracked as CVE-2025-9437 with a CVSS v4 base score of 8.7 (high). Rockwell reports no fix is available; users should apply vendor best practices and minimize network exposure.

⚠️ Siemens disclosed a type confusion vulnerability (CVE-2025-6554) affecting HyperLynx and Industrial Edge App Publisher, which can enable remote arbitrary read/write and potential code execution via crafted HTML. The issue carries a CVSS v4 base score of 7.0 and a v3.1 score up to 8.1 depending on context. Siemens has released v1.23.5 for App Publisher; no fix is available yet for HyperLynx. Organizations should restrict network exposure, isolate control systems, use secure remote access, and follow Siemens and CISA guidance to mitigate risk.

⚠️ Hitachi Energy reported three vulnerabilities in MACH GWS (versions 3.0.0.0–3.4.0.0) that could enable local tampering, denial-of-service via IEC 61850 message handling, or remote man-in-the-middle attacks. The issues are categorized as Incorrect Default Permissions, Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value, and Improper Certificate Validation and carry CVSS v4 scores up to 7.1. Hitachi Energy recommends updating to MACH GWS 3.5 immediately and following deployment guidance such as network segregation, minimal exposed ports, scanning removable media, and enforcing strong password policies. CISA notes no known public exploitation at this time.

🔒 Siemens TeleControl Server Basic V3.1 contains a critical missing-authentication vulnerability (CVE-2025-40765) that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to obtain user password hashes and perform authenticated database operations. The issue carries a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.8 and a CVSS v4 score of 9.3, with network attack vector and low attack complexity. Siemens advises updating to V3.1.2.3 or later and restricting access to port 8000; CISA emphasizes isolating control networks and minimizing internet exposure. Tenable reported the issue and, to date, CISA has not received reports of public exploitation.

🔔 CISA released thirteen Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on October 16, 2025, providing details on vulnerabilities and mitigations affecting multiple vendors. The advisories cover products from Rockwell Automation (FactoryTalk View Machine Edition, Linx, ViewPoint, ArmorStart AOP), Siemens (Solid Edge, SiPass Integrated, SIMATIC ET 200SP Communication Processors, SINEC NMS, TeleControl Server Basic, HyperLynx and Industrial Edge App Publisher), Hitachi Energy (MACH GWS), and updates for Schneider Electric and Delta Electronics. Administrators and operators are urged to review the technical details and apply recommended mitigations to reduce exposure and maintain operational continuity.